• Two pie charts on the left are showing total number of stakes and unstakes in 2022 & 2023
• As we see in both years number of stakes is dominant over number of unstakes, so in both years users tend to stake rather than unstake.
• Dominance of number of stakes to number of unstakes in both years has been almost same.
• Number of stakes so far in 2023 is almost 0.05 times of number of stakes in 2022 /.
• Number of unstakes so far in 2023 is around 0.056 times of number of unstakes in 2022.

• Two pie charts on the left are showing total volume of stakes and unstakes in 2022 & 2023
• As we see in both years volume of stakes is dominant over volume of unstakes, so in both years users tend to stake more volume rather than unstake.
• Dominance of volume of stakes to volume of unstakes in 2022 has been more than 2023.
• Volume of stakes so far in 2023 is almost 0.06 times of volume of stakes in 2022.
• Volume of unstakes so far in 2023 is around 0.1 times of volume of unstakes in 2022.

• Two pie charts on the left are showing average volume of stakes and unstakes in 2022 & 2023
• As we see in both years average volume of unstakes is dominant over average volume of stakes, so in both years users tend to unstake more volume averagely rather than stake.
• Dominance of average volume of unstakes to average volume of stakes in 2022 has been more than 2023.
• Average volume of stakes so far in 2023 is 1.24 times of average volume of stakes in 2022.
• Average volume of unstakes so far in 2023 is 1.88 times of average volume of unstakes in 2022.

Bar chart above shows daily number of stakes and unstakes which has been executed since 2022

As we see daily numbers of stakes and unstakes has been bearish and almost steady after their huge spike which both occurred on Jan 12, 2022 with 1,322 stakes and 878 unstakes. though we see that bearish and steady trend is constant for unstakes but number of stakes has been slightly increasing since early days of July of 2022.

Bar chart above shows daily volume of stakes and unstakes which has been executed since 2022

As we see daily volumes of stakes and unstakes has been bullish and their volumes spike occurred on Aug 31, 2022 with 27M stakes and on Nov 14, 2022 with 8.82M unstakes.

On both charts its visible that they had more volume on late 2022 and early 2023 compared to early 2022.

Bar chart above shows daily average volume of stakes and unstakes which has been executed since 2022

As we see daily average volumes of stakes and unstakes has been bullish and their volumes spike occurred on Aug 31, 2022 with 99K average stakes and on Jan 6, 2023 with 44.8K average unstakes.

On both charts its visible that they had more average volume on late 2022 and early 2023 compared to early 2022.

Comparing number of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol in 2022 & 2023

Comparing volume of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol in 2022 & 2023

Comparing average volume of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol in 2022 & 2023

Discussing daily number of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol since January 2022

Comparing stake/unstake counts ratio in 2022 & 2023

Discussing daily volume of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol since January 2022

Discussing daily average volume of Stakes and Unstakes which has been executed on Near protocol since January 2022

Comparing stake/unstake volumes ratio in 2022 & 2023

Comparing stake/unstake user counts ratio in 2022 & 2023

• On single numbers above ratio of number of stakes to number of unstakes is shown.
• On both years this ratio is above 2 which means on both years number of stakes is more than double of number of unstakes.
• For 2022 this ratio is 2.52 which means number of stakes is 2.52 times more than number of unstakes in 2022.
• For 2023 this ratio is 2.14 which means number of stakes is 2.14 times more than number of unstakes in 2023.
• This ratio has decreased in 2023 which means number of unstakes grew more than number of stakes in 2023.

• On single numbers above ratio of volume of stakes to volume of unstakes is shown.
• On both years this ratio is above 1 which means on both years volume of stakes is more than volume of unstakes.
• For 2022 this ratio is 1.96 which means volume of stakes is 2.52 times more than volume of unstakes in 2022.
• For 2023 this ratio is 1.098 which means volume of stakes is 1.098 times more than volume of unstakes in 2023.
• This ratio has decreased in 2023 which means volume of unstakes grew more than volume of stakes in 2023.

• On single numbers above ratio of average volume of stakes to volume of unstakes is shown.
• On both years this ratio is above 1 which means on both years average volume of stakes is more than average volume of unstakes.
• For 2022 this ratio is 1.79 which means average volume of stakes is 1.79 times more than average volume of unstakes in 2022.
• For 2023 this ratio is 1.99 which means average volume of stakes is 1.99 times more than average volume of unstakes in 2023.
• This ratio has increased in 2023 which means average volume of stakes grew more than average volume of unstakes in 2023.

• According to single numbers above NEAR has 65K unique stake pool users(validators) in 2022 and has 5,950 unique stake pool users(validators) so far in 2023 , this means NEAR is much more decentralized in 2022 in terms of number of stake pool users(validators) with having validators 11 times more than year 2023.
• Area chart above shows daily number of unique stake pool users(validators) on Near since 2022, and as we see it started with around 440 validators on early 2022 and spiked to its highest value on Jan 12, 2022 with 1,795 validators and then decreased, and another spike occurred on mid April and after that chart has decreased again but since mid July 2022 it has been slightly increasing towards 2023.

• According to single numbers above NEAR has created 269 unique stake pools in 2022 and has created 189 unique stake pools so far in 2023 , this means NEAR is much more decentralized in 2022 in terms of number of stake pools with having stake pools 1.42 times more than year 2023.
• On the other hand we see that 189 stake pools has been created only in first month of 2023 so far which is 0.7 of total created stake pools in 2022, this shows that year 2023 is promising in terms decentralization by increasing its number of stake pools.
• Area chart above shows daily number of created unqiue stake pools on Near since 2022, and as we see it started with around 70 stake pools each day on early 2022 to around 100 stake pools each day on late 2022 and early 2023, also this chart maxed out on Dec 5, 2022 with 127 unique stake pools and its chart is bullish towards 2023.

Comparing number of unique stake pools in 2022 & 2023

Stake pools are created to maintenance and hold the combined stake of various stakeholders

Comparing number of unique staking pools’ users(validators) in 2022 & 2023

Staking pool users(validators) are created to validating transaction blocks.

Introduction

In a decentralized blockchain network, no one has to know or trust anyone else. Each member in the network has a copy of the exact same data in the form of a distributed ledger. If a member's ledger is altered or corrupted in any way, it will be rejected by the majority of the members in the network.

• As part of the PoS consensus mechanism, validators are responsible for verifying new blocks and adding them to the chain to earn rewards. Most blockchains are designed to be decentralized. This means that there is no single centralized authority that the blockchain answers to.
• Stake pools are a key part of decentralized network, supporting the mechanisms that ensure the long-term health and liveness of the network. By running a stake pool, stake pool operators enable other users to participate in the protocol and gain rewards without needing to continuously run an online node.

Methodology

One of the things that is checked in Decentralization is Staking and unstaking. DeFi staking involves locking one's crypto tokens into a smart contract in an effort to earn more of those tokens in return. Consider it the decentralized equivalent of putting your money in a bank fixed deposit. This dashboard includes discussing status of the stake and unstake in the NEAR network in 2022 and 2023 to see and measure how has Near decentralization process been towards 2023 since 2022.

==Parameters observed in this dashboard are as listed below:==

1. Total and daily charts of number, volume and average volume of stakes and unstakes in 2022 & 2023

2. Ratios of number, volume and users of stake/unstake in 2022 & 2023

3. Total and daily charts of stake pool users(validators) and stake pools in 2022 & 2023

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Table used in this dashboard is near.core.dim_staking_actions

Conclusions

• Number and volume of stakes in 2023 is much less than 2022 which means decentralization in 2023 is way behind than 2022.

• Average volume of stakes increased in 2023 compared to 2022 which shows users has been staked more volume averagely in 2023 compare to 2022.

• In 2023 number, volume and average volume of unstakes grew more than number, volume and average volume of stakes which shows decentralization process is not in good condition in 2023 compared to 2022.

• Daily charts of volume and average volume of stakes has been increasing towards end of 2022 and early 2023 which shows more volume has been staking and unstaking on Near each day and means in terms of volume of stakes, 2023 probably will be more decentralized.

• Stake/unstake ratios of count and volume has decreased in 2023, this is a negative sign in decentralization growth.

• Stake/unstake ratio of user count has increased in 2023, this is a positive sign in decentralization growth.

• Even though validators and stake pools in 2022 has been much more than 2023 so far but their daily charts indicates that they will probably grew much more in 2023 compared to 2022 which will be resulted in more decentralized network.

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