Question

Invent an easy-to use "Eclipse Score", based on at least 3 metrics, to rank validators who are not effectively representing their delegators via voting.

(For example: if you participate in only 5% of votes but are in the top 5% of validators by LUNA delegated, you should have a terrible Eclipse Score!)

Provide a table and at least 1 visual that displays validators according to your Eclipse Score, e.g. a bubble chart with LUNA Delegated vs. Votes Attended. Additionally, analyze the top 5 best and top 5 worst validators according to your Eclipse score.

Data Use

In this dashboard, we have used data from Flipside, specifically data from the blockchain-related tables presented, with a focus on data related to Terra.

---

The different sections of this dashboard are divided into the following:

1. Introduction

    Introducing blockchain concepts and the questions that will be answered.          
   

2. Finding Validator

       The process of finding validator data.
   

3. Metrics

          Identifying the variables used and determining the formula.
   

4. Score

        Building the formula and obtaining results.
   

5. Compare the Top 5 Best & Worst

      Comparing the five best and worst validators.  
   

6. Make Your Score

       You can customize your own score.
   

Information

What is a validator? #

The Terra Core is powered by the Tendermint consensus. Validators run full nodes, participate in consensus by broadcasting votes, commit new blocks to the blockchain, and participate in governance of the blockchain. Validators are able to cast votes on behalf of their delegators. A validator's voting power is weighted according to their total stake.

What is staking?#

Staking occurs when Luna holders delegate their Luna to a validator. Staking increases a validator's weight, which improves the likelihood of being selected to validate blocks, and in return, delegators get rewarded.

The Phoenix-1 Mainnet is a public Proof of Stake (PoS) blockchain. This means a validator's weight (total stake) is determined by the amount of staking tokens (Luna) they delegate to themselves plus the Luna bonded to them by external delegators. The weight of a validator determines whether or not they are an active validator and how frequently they can propose a block. Validators with a higher weight will propose blocks more frequently, and in turn generate more revenue.

The active validator set is made up of the top 130 validators who hold the most Luna. The barrier for entry into the network is dictated by the value of the lowest stake held in the validator set. For instance, if a validator is created with a higher stake than the bottom validator, then this newly created validator may join the active set. If validators double-sign, or are frequently offline, they risk their staked Luna, including Luna delegated by users, by being slashed by the protocol to penalize negligence and misbehaviour.

What is a delegator?#

Delegators are Luna holders who want to receive staking rewards without the responsibility of running a validator. Through Station, a user can delegate Luna to a validator and in exchange receive a part of a validator's revenue. For more detail on how revenue is distributed, see What are the incentives to stake? and What is a validator's commission?

Delegators share the benefits and rewards of staking with their Validator. If a Validator is successful, its delegators will consistently share in the rewards structure. If a Validator is slashed, the delegator’s stake will also be slashed. This is why delegators should perform due-diligence on validators before delegating. Delegators can also diversify by spreading their stake over multiple validators.

Delegators play a critical role in the system, as they are responsible for selecting the validators to which they stake. Being a delegator is not a passive role. Delegators should remain vigilant, actively monitor the actions of their validators, and re-delegate whenever they feel their current validator does not meet their needs.

What is "self-bonding"? How can I increase my "self-bond"?#

A validator operator's "self-bond" refers to the amount of Luna delegated to itself. You can increase your self-bond by delegating more Luna to your validator account.

methodology

To create a Score, it is necessary to first be familiar with some blockchain concepts. For this purpose, some of the concepts that are necessary to understand the variables used in this dashboard are explained below. If you are familiar with these concepts, you can skip this section and continue to read the other sections.