• Daily variation of Defi transactions is rather constant after the Mango hack, whith the exception of Oct 12 which shows a very high increase as 90.4K transactions.
• Daily variation of Cefi transactions shows a rather increasing trend after the after the Mango hack,
• Total number of Defi transactions is almost constant before (296K, 26.2%) and after (279K, 24.7%) the Mango hack.
• Total number of Cefi transactions has decreased slightly from 305K transactions (27%) before the Mango hack to 250K (22%) after this event.

• Daily variation of NFT buyers is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT buyers has decreased significantly from 157K (63%) before the Mango hack to 92K (37%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT buyers has been halved after the Mango hack.

• Daily variation of NFT sellers is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT sellers has decreased significantly from 194K (65%) before the Mango hack to 107K (35%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT sellers has been halved after the Mango hack.

• Daily variation of NFT sale transaction volume is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• The total volume of NFT sale transactions has decreased significantly from 1.1M (65%) before the Mango hack to 605K (35%) after this event. It can be concluded that the volume of NFT sales has been halved after the Mango hack.

• Daily variation of NFT sale transactions is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT sale transactions has decreased significantly from 705K transactions (66%) before the Mango hack to 366K (34%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT sales has been halved after the Mango hack.

• Daily cumulative number of transactions chart shows that the top five labels are as follows at the present date (after the Mango hack):
  • dapp (185M)
  • dex (175M)
  • chadmin (48M)
  • nft (3.3M)
  • defi (2.2M)

• The daily variation of the users according to different labels shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack.
• From the daily variation of the users, it can be observed that the top five labels are, nft, chadmin, dex, defi, and dapp.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top five labels are as follows:
  • nft
  • chadmin
  • dex
  • defi
  • dapp
• Overall, the total number of transactions according to different labels has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for nft. The total number of chadmin, dex, dapp, and defi transactions remained almost constant after the hack.

• The daily variation of the transactions according to different labels shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack.
• From the daily variation of the transactions, it can be observed that the top five labels are labels, dapp, dex,chadmin, nft, and defi.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top five labels are as follows:
  • dex
  • dapp
  • chadmin
  • nft
  • defi
• Overall, the total number of transactions according to different labels has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for dex and dapp. The total number of chadmin, nft, and defi transactions remained almost constant after the hack.

• From the daily variation of the users, it can be observed that among different Defi Apps, solend, port finance, and switchboardare the top three ones.
• As far as the total number of users is concerned, the top three Defi Apps are as follows:
  • solend (63.3%%)
  • port finance (12.7%)
  • realms (6.5%)

• From the daily variation of the transactions, it can be observed that among different Defi Apps, pyth, switchboard, and solfarm are the top three ones.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top three Defi Apps are as follows:
  • pyth (94.1%)
  • switchboard (5.57%)
  • solfarm(0.3%)

• Daily variation of Defi users is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• The very day after the mango hack an increase in the number of Cefi users can be seen on Oct 11, however, overall, daily variation of Cefi users shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack,
• Total number of Defi users is almost constant before (8.7K, 50.5%) and after (7.5K, 4.8%%) Mango hack.
• Total number of Cefi users has decreased slightly from 85.7K users (54.4%) before the Mango hack to 55.5K (35.3%) after this event.

Acknowledgment and supplementary Information

• I would like to show my sincere gratitude to the authors of the following dashboards that helped me very much indeed to do my own analysis: * *
• Author: NSA2000
• Twitter of the Author: @NSA2000C
• Discord of the Author: NSA2000#5651

Summary

• This dashboard aims to make a very comprehensive analysis on the Solana defi ecosystem since the Mango Markets Hack in order to see what is the effects of the Mango Markets Hack on the DeFi transactions, users activity, NFT sales, and staking transactions, as well as the transfer from or to CEX.
• Daily variation of Defi transactions is rather constant after the Mango hack, whith the exception of Oct 12 which shows a very high increase as 90.4K transactions.
• Daily variation of Cefi transactions shows a rather increasing trend after the after the Mango hack,
• Total number of Defi transactions is almost constant before (296K, 26.2%) and after (279K, 24.7%) the Mango hack.
• Total number of Cefi transactions has decreased slightly from 305K transactions (27%) before the Mango hack to 250K (22%) after this event.
• Daily variation of Defi users is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• The very day after the mango hack an increase in the number of Cefi users can be seen on Oct 11, however, overall, daily variation of Cefi users shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack,
• Total number of Defi users is almost constant before (8.7K, 50.5%) and after (7.5K, 4.8%%) Mango hack.
• Total number of Cefi users has decreased slightly from 85.7K users (54.4%) before the Mango hack to 55.5K (35.3%) after this event.
• From the daily variation of the transactions, it can be observed that among different Defi Apps, pyth, switchboard, and solfarm are the top three ones.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top three Defi Apps are as follows:
  • pyth (94.1%)
  • switchboard (5.57%)
  • solfarm(0.3%)
• From the daily variation of the users, it can be observed that among different Defi Apps, solend, port finance, and switchboardare the top three ones.
• As far as the total number of users is concerned, the top three Defi Apps are as follows:
  • solend (63.3%%)
  • port finance (12.7%)
  • realms (6.5%)
• The daily variation of the transactions according to different labels shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack.
• From the daily variation of the transactions, it can be observed that the top five labels are labels, dapp, dex,chadmin, nft, and defi.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top five labels are as follows:
  • dex
  • dapp
  • chadmin
  • nft
  • defi
• Overall, the total number of transactions according to different labels has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for dex and dapp. The total number of chadmin, nft, and defi transactions remained almost constant after the hack.
• The daily variation of the users according to different labels shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack.
• From the daily variation of the users, it can be observed that the top five labels are, nft, chadmin, dex, defi, and dapp.
• As far as the total number of transactions is concerned, the top five labels are as follows:
  • nft
  • chadmin
  • dex
  • defi
  • dapp
• Overall, the total number of transactions according to different labels has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for nft. The total number of chadmin, dex, dapp, and defi transactions remained almost constant after the hack.
• Daily cumulative number of transactions chart shows that the top five labels are as follows at the present date (after the Mango hack):
  • dapp (185M)
  • dex (175M)
  • chadmin (48M)
  • nft (3.3M)
  • defi (2.2M)
• Daily variation of NFT sale transactions is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT sale transactions has decreased significantly from 705K transactions (66%) before the Mango hack to 366K (34%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT sales has been halved after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of NFT sale transaction volume is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• The total volume of NFT sale transactions has decreased significantly from 1.1M (65%) before the Mango hack to 605K (35%) after this event. It can be concluded that the volume of NFT sales has been halved after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of NFT sellers is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT sellers has decreased significantly from 194K (65%) before the Mango hack to 107K (35%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT sellers has been halved after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of NFT buyers is rather decreasing after the Mango hack.
• The total number of NFT buyers has decreased significantly from 157K (63%) before the Mango hack to 92K (37%) after this event. It can be concluded that the number of NFT buyers has been halved after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of Stake transaction volume is decreasing after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of Unstake transaction volume also shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack,
• The total volume of Stake transactions has decreased significantly from 1.5M (46%) before the Mango hack to 257K (8%) after this event.
• The total volume of Unstake transactions has decreased significantly from 1.02M (31%) before the Mango hack to 483K (15%) after this event.
• Daily variation of the number of the Stake transactions is rather increasing after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of the number of Unstake transactions shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack,
• The total number of Stake transactions has decreased slightly from 9.7K (36%) before the Mango hack to 7.5K (28%) after this event.
• The total number of Unstake transactions has decreased significantly from 6.2K (23%) before the Mango hack to 3.3K (12%) after this event.
• Daily variation of the number of the Stake users is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of the number of Unstake users shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack,
• The total number of Stake users has decreased from 7.7K (42%) before the Mango hack to 5K (27%) after this event.
• The total number of Unstake users has decreased from 3.6K (20%) before the Mango hack to 2K (11%) after this event.
• From the daily variation of the transfers from CEX according to different CEX types, it can be observed that the top three CEXs are, ftx, coinbase, and kraken.
• As far as the total number of transfers from CEX according to different CEX types is concerned, the top three CEXs are as follows:
  • ftx: (573K, 59%)
  • coinbase (167K, 17%)
  • kraken (120K, 12%)
• The daily variation of the transfers from CEX according to different CEX types shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack.
• Overall, the total number of transfers from CEX according to different CEX types has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for ftx, coinbase, and kraken.
• From the daily variation of the transfers to CEX according to different CEX types, it can be observed that the top three CEXs are, ftx, coinbase, and kraken.
• As far as the total number of transfers to CEX according to different CEX types is concerned, the top three CEXs are as follows:
  • ftx: (839K, 71%)
  • coinbase (126K, 11%)
  • kraken (112K, 9.5%)
• The daily variation of the transfers to CEX according to different CEX types shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack.
• Overall, the total number of transfers to CEX according to different CEX types has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for ftx, coinbase, and kraken.

• The daily variation of the transfers to CEX according to different CEX types shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack.
• Overall, the total number of transfers to CEX according to different CEX types has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for ftx, coinbase, and kraken.

• Daily variation of the number of the Stake users is rather constant after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of the number of Unstake users shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack,
• The total number of Stake users has decreased from 7.7K (42%) before the Mango hack to 5K (27%) after this event.
• The total number of Unstake users has decreased from 3.6K (20%) before the Mango hack to 2K (11%) after this event.

• Daily variation of the number of the Stake transactions is rather increasing after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of the number of Unstake transactions shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack,
• The total number of Stake transactions has decreased slightly from 9.7K (36%) before the Mango hack to 7.5K (28%) after this event.
• The total number of Unstake transactions has decreased significantly from 6.2K (23%) before the Mango hack to 3.3K (12%) after this event.

• Daily variation of Stake transaction volume is decreasing after the Mango hack.
• Daily variation of Unstake transaction volume also shows a rather decreasing trend after the Mango hack,
• The total volume of Stake transactions has decreased significantly from 1.5M (46%) before the Mango hack to 257K (8%) after this event.
• The total volume of Unstake transactions has decreased significantly from 1.02M (31%) before the Mango hack to 483K (15%) after this event.

• The daily variation of the transfers from CEX according to different CEX types shows a rather constant trend after the Mango hack.
• Overall, the total number of transfers from CEX according to different CEX types has decreased after the Mango hack significantly. The most decreased ratio is recorded for ftx, coinbase, and kraken.

• From the daily variation of the transfers from CEX according to different CEX types, it can be observed that the top three CEXs are, ftx, coinbase, and kraken.
• As far as the total number of transfers from CEX according to different CEX types is concerned, the top three CEXs are as follows:
  • ftx: (573K, 59%)
  • coinbase (167K, 17%)
  • kraken (120K, 12%)

• From the daily variation of the transfers to CEX according to different CEX types, it can be observed that the top three CEXs are, ftx, coinbase, and kraken.
• As far as the total number of transfers to CEX according to different CEX types is concerned, the top three CEXs are as follows:
  • ftx: (839K, 71%)
  • coinbase (126K, 11%)
  • kraken (112K, 9.5%)

1. Introduction

1.1. Solana

Solana is a cryptocurrency that was designed to work similarly to and improve upon Ethereum. Named after a small Southern Californian coastal city, Solana is the brainchild of software developer Anatoly Yakovenko. Yakovenko first proposed the innovative blockchain in 2017, and Solana launched in March 2020. It’s quickly become a popular crypto, ranking among the top 10 cryptocurrencies by market cap. In recent news, the Solana ecosystem experienced a hack on Aug. 2. Blockchain investigators and crypto investors allege there was a private key compromise that allowed hackers to steal Solana tokens, known as SOL, from Slope, Phantom and TrustWallet. Users reported that their funds were drained from these “internet-connected” wallets. Solana Status, which is run by the Solana Foundation, tweeted about the incident: “After an investigation by developers, ecosystem teams, and security auditors, it appears affected addresses were at one point created, imported, or used in Slope mobile wallet applications. This exploit was isolated to one wallet on Solana, and hardware wallets used by Slope remain secure. While the details of exactly how this occurred are still under investigation, but private key information was inadvertently transmitted to an application monitoring service.”

Estimates of the damage vary, with reports of more than $6 million in digital assets being stolen. []

2. Methodology

The data in this dashboard is obtained from the following tables:

• solana.core.fact_events
• solana.core.dim_labels
• solana.core.fact_transfers
• solana.core.fact_nft_sales
• solana.core.fact_staking_lp_actions

Aim of this review

This dashboard aims to make a very comprehensive analysis on the Solana defi ecosystem since the Mango Markets Hack in order to see what is the effects of the Mango Markets Hack on the DeFi transactions, users activity, NFT sales, and staking transactions, as well as the transfer from or to CEX.

3. Results and discussion

1.2. The Mango Hack

The community of the decentralized-finance application Mango DAO on Saturday, Oct. 12, 2022, got back a portion of about $100 million stolen after letting the hacker keep about $50 million of the funds. The settlement wraps up several days of tense negotiations between the hacker and Mango, which is governed by its community of token holders who vote on any changes. Soon after the theft, the hacker posted a proposal in the app’s governance forum asking for bad debts on the platform to be erased -- a deal that was not approved by the majority of Mango token holders even after the hacker voted for it with some of the stolen tokens. The Mango team then posted a counter-proposal, offering to let the hacker keep around $50 million for the return of the rest of the funds while promising no criminal prosecution and to erase the bad debt. “We just got notice of the funds being returned,” Maximilian Schneider of Mango said in a Discord message to Bloomberg on Saturday. Community members are expected to meet to discuss how to refund the returned $67 million to users, with votes on the plans taking place next week, according to Mango’s Twitter. In a series of tweets Saturday, an individual took responsibility for the hack, saying he was “involved with a team that operated a highly profitable trading strategy last week” on Mango.  In the Mango heist, two accounts funded with the stablecoin USD Coin took large positions in Mango perpetual futures, causing the price of the Mango token to spike. The price jump stoked an unrealized profit from the futures. The attacker used that to borrow and withdraw about $100 million, leaving depositors with nothing.  The hacker stole more than 10% of all value locked on the Solana blockchain that Mango is based on, according to DeFi Llama. Just how much the hacker will profit from the hack is unclear, as the attacker invested millions into executing the attack. Hacks in crypto are common, with at least $718 million stolen so far in October alone, taking the gross tally for the year past 3 billion dollars and putting 2022 on course to be a record for the total value hacked, according to blockchain specialist Chainalysis Inc.  []

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